It is an annual herbaceous plant of 1060 cm high with a green, smooth and semiclimbing stem. Commonly it is used as leafy vegetable in preparing traditional dishes. Abu hossain abstract solanum nigrum is an important plant in traditional medicines belongs to the family of solanaceae. Inhibitive action of solanum nigrum extract on the. Micropropagation of solanum xanthocarpum to meet the. A nodal segment culture was developed in order to assess solanum torvum sw.
Solanum nigrum european black nightshade or simply black nightshade is a species in the genus solanum, native to eurasia and introduced in the americas, australasia, and south africa. Nonetheless, ripe berries and cooked leaves of edible strains are used as food in some locales, and plant parts are used as a traditional medicine. The effect of nitrogen rates on the growth leaf yield and. Black nightshade solanum nigrum belongs to family solanaceae which is commonly known as makoy, deadly nightshade, etc. Protective effect of solanum nigrum or vitamin c or melatonin on the toxic effect of acrylamide on. Selection and micropropagation of solanum nigrum genotypes with varying calcium and iron content. Tissue culture approach was utilized for micropropagation of this plant to insure its stable availability for phytoindustry and research. Hormonally controlled efficient regeneration system has been developed in vitro by inducing direct shoot bud organogenesis from solanum villosum mill. Parts of this plant can be toxic to livestock and humans. In vitro direct shoot organogenesis from leaf explants of solanum nigrum l.
Solanum nigrum is a plant with medicinal value, found throughout tamil nadu, india and belongs to the family solanaceae. Subjecting the plant to a period of thermotherapy followed by meristem culture now routinely allows the production of pathogentested virusfree stock cultures, and in vitro cultures free from bacteria, fungi, and viruses are used for micro propagation of large quantities of diseasefree plants quak 1977. Solanum nigrum sn commonly known as black nightshade is a dicot weed in the solanaceae family. Selection and micropropagation of solanum nigrum genotypes. The present work discusses the separation and purification of bioactive compounds from the crude ethanolic extracts of cassia italica and solanum nigrum leaves. The below mentioned article provides an overview on order solanales, family solanaceae. A direct organogenesis protocol was established for solanum nigrum using leaf explants from seedling plants. Pdf in vitro clonal propagation of solanum nigrum researchgate. The potato is one of the worlds most economically important crop plants. Aboulenein1, faten abu elela1, emad shalaby1 and hany elshemy1 abstract. The occurrence of weed seeds in samples tested by the official seed testing station, 19601. Similar results were reported in solanum nigrum sridhar and naidu.
In vitro regeneration of solonum nigrum with enhanced solasodine production was achieved by using leaf explants on ms medium fortified with. Although not as toxic as belladonna, solanum nigrum is still very poisonous and can result in many of the same symptoms if ingested. Direct multiple shoot regeneration from shoot tip and. In making this decision the editorial board follows copes. For cloning, explants were harvested from rejuvenated shoot sprouts of selected plants of solanum nigrum. In vitro regeneration and flower induction on solanum nigrum l. It is an important herbaceous medicinal plant, generally used intraditional and folklore medicines.
The solanum nigrum complex also known as solanum l. Efforts have been started recently to micro propagate s. Black nightshade solanum nigrum is edible and delicious. Though this species group is often referred to as solanum nigrum complex, the section is composed of a large number of morphogenetically distinct taxa, which show their greatest diversity and concentration. The toxicity of the plant is said to vary, with the highest concentrations being found in the early fall. Supply is far short of demand, necessitating requirement of efficient in vitro propagation protocols.
Solanum incanum, solanum nigrum solanaceae in the plant family solanaceae night shadow plants the genus solanum is a very large group of about 1400 species found throughout in the temperate and tropical regions of the world like solanum aviculare europe, new zealand, s. Pdf an efficient method for in vitro propagation of solanum nigrum l has been developed. Solanum nigrum, micropropagation, callus induction, shoot formation. Sn is an annual branched herb of up to 90 cm high, with dull dark green leaves, juicy, ovate or lanceolate, and toothless to slightly toothed on the margins. The present study describes the extraction of bioactive compounds from leaves of solanum nigrum, identification and quantification of organic acids present and its. An illustrated flora of the northern united states, canada and the british possessions. In vitro direct shoot organogenesis from leaf explants of solanum. Solanum nigrum causes 73 and 82% of death after 3 days activity tests ofsolanum nigrumstem and leaf extracts with respect to 1500 ppm concentration of extract, are presented in fig 1. Healthy axillary bud and leaf explants were inoculated on ms medium supplemented with bapkn 1. Pdf solanum nigrum is a wellknown medicinal herb found all over. Solanaceae commonly known as black nightshade that have been extensively used in traditional medicine in india and other parts of world to cure liver disorders, chronic. Results indicated protein content of the leaves and seed as 24.
Solanum nigrum is reported to act as an effective antioxidant of major importance against diseases and degenerative processes caused by oxidative stress. Solanum nigrum black nightshade, common nightshade. Invitro and invivo studies of antidiabetic activity of. A modified singlenode cuttiang bioassay was used in which cultivars were exposed to a range of nacl levels 0, 40, 80 and 120 mm, in a murashige and skoog medium, for 1 month. Effects of salt stress on micropropagation of potato. Potent anticancer and antioxidant activities of active ingredients separated from solanum nigrum and cassia italica extracts ahmed m. It is a medicinal plant found throughout india up to 3,000 m in the western himalayas and has been extensively used in traditional medicine in india and other parts of world to cure liver disorders, chronic skin ailments psoriasis and ringworm. Dhatura, withania somnifera ashwagandha are used medicinally. Solanum nigrum solanaceae commonly known as makoi or black nightshade, usually grows as a weed in moist habitats in different kinds of soils, including dry, stony, shallow, or deep soils, and can be cultivated in tropical and subtropical agro climatic regions by sowing the seeds during aprilmay in wellfertilized nursery beds. In vitro clonal propagation of solanum nigrum vinod rathore and dipali gupta tanveer malawat college of biosciences, bikaner abstract solanum nigrum is a wellknown medicinal herb found all over rajasthan. Solanum nigrum l commonly as black nightshade is a dicot weed in the solanaceae family.
Influence of different cytokinins on micropropagation of an important. A technique for rapid micropropagation of solanum surattense burm. Micropropagation of potato solanum tuberosum l article pdf available in electronic journal of biology 83. In vitro studies, medicinal plant, solanum nigrum, node, callus. Seed dormancy and germination in solanum nigrum and s. Weve blogged about the confusion between the edible solanum nigrum and the toxic deadly nightshade or atropa belladonna in a post last year. Potent anticancer and antioxidant activities of active. The explants were inoculated into bottles containing ms media with plant growth regulator bap of different. The issue of the edibility of black nightshade solanum nigrum came up in the comments on our post on forager pascal baudar. In the present work we have evaluated the extract of the leaves and berries of solanum nigrum as a green.
There are pronounced variants of the species that constitute a taxonomic complex comprising of three groups namely. The leaves and berries of solanum nigrum are widely used to cure mouth ulcer. It is in flower from july to september, and the seeds ripen from august to october. Effects of solanum nigrum aqueous extract on normal and. Research article the scitech journal issn 23477318 in.
The editorial board found that substantial portions of the text came from other published papers without appropriate attribution to the source. The larval mortality was below 60% when gram positive and six gram negative bacteria were used. Chemical composition analysis of the essential oil of. Pdf an efficient protocol for in vitro propagation of solanum. Comparative physiological responses of solanum nigrum and. Solanaceae is commonly known as makoy or black nightshade. Antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic effect of solanum. Short retraction notice the following article has been retracted due to the investigation of complaints received against it. Micropropagation of black nightshade solanum nigrum l.
April 2014 samanthi introduction solanum nigrum commonly known as makoy or black nightshade is an important medicinal plant of the family solanaceae. The journal of the national institute of agricultural botany 9 3, 353371. However, the physiological mechanisms that are responsible for differential cd accumulation and tolerance between the two solanum species are largely unknown. In search for ecofriendly materials for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles and corrosion inhibition, the leafextract of solanum nigrum have. Black night shade is one of the largest and most variable species groups of the genus. Solasodine accumulation in regenerated plants of solanum. The nodal explants were cultured on ms medium supplemented with. In vitro clonal propagation of solanum nigrum academy for. A nodal segment culture was initiated with seeds germinated in ms basal medium added of ga 3 and grown in different. Solanum nigrum leaves and seeds had ash value of 10. The influence of auxins indoleacetic acid, 1naphthaleneacetic acid and benzyl adenine on s.
A protocol for rapid and highfrequency in vitro propagation of. An efficient protocol for in vitro propagation of solanum nigrum l. Evaluations were performed twice for each cultivar at each salt. Silver nitrate induced ms media enhanced multiple shoot regeneration and in vitro flowering from axillary bud and leaf explants of solanum nigrum l. According to hutchinson this is the seventyseventh order of. But pascal left a link to an excellent article by author and forager sam thayer that puts in the nail in the coffin of the. It is grown in dry parts of india up to an elevation of 2100 mts. They reduce crop quantity by competition and crop quality by contaminating harvested products. In groups 25, both dead and sacrificed rats revealed generalized enlargement and paleness of body organs with different degrees.
Role of silver nitrate on in vitro flowering and shoot. Solanum nigrum black nightshade seeds world seed supply. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by insects. It is a common herb that grows wildly and abundantly in open fields. Solanum nigrum is a wellknown medicinal herb found all over rajasthan. Study of liquid culture system for micropropagation of the. Under cadmium cd stress, solanum nigrum accumulated threefold more cd in its leaves and was tolerant to cd, whereas its low cd. This article has been retracted to straighten the academic record. An efficient method for in vitro propagation of solanum nigrum l has been developed. In vitro propagation, direct regeneration and acclimatization of. Larvicidal and antibacterial activities of different. P k pawar, c s pawar, b a narkhede, n p teli, s r bhalsing and v l maheshwari department of biochemi stry, school of life sciences, north maharashtra university, jalgaon 425 00 i, india received 9 april 2001.